Measurement of Viscosity of Subliquidus Magmas by Rotating Viscometer Method (CAT#: STEM-PPA-0030-YJL)

Introduction

The viscosity of magma is one of the most critical parameters of the various magmatic processes, such as magma segregation, magma uprise, crystallization differentiation, magma degassing and the mode of volcanic eruptions. Natural magmas almost always contain some crystals,where the bulk viscosity is often estimated through simple equations such as the Einstein-Roscoe equation. Pinkerton and Stevenson, among others, reviewed the methods of correction to obtain the bulk viscosity for melt crystal systems and indicated that crystal size distribution and the aspect ratio of crystals, in addition to the proportion of crystalline matter, greatly affect the bulk rheological properties of agmas. Previous experimental studies of subliquidus viscometry on basaltic magmas mostly pay little attention to the composition and textures of the crystals and melts.

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Principle Applications Procedure Materials Notes Related Products

Principle

The principle of the rotating viscometer method to measure the force acting on a rotor (torque) when it rotates at a constant angular velocity (rotational speed) in a liquid. Rotating viscometers are used for measuring the viscosity of Newtonian (shear-independent viscosity) or non-Newtonian liquids (shear dependent viscosity or apparent viscosity). Rotating viscometers can be divided in 2 groups, namely absolute and relative viscometers. In absolute viscometers the flow in the measuring geometry is well defined.
The measurements result in absolute viscosity values, which can be compared with any other absolute values. In relative viscometers the flow in the measuring geometry is not defined. The measurements result in relative viscosity values, which cannot be compared with absolute values or other relative values if not determined by the same relative viscometer method. Different measuring systems are available for given viscosity ranges as well as several rotational speeds.

Applications

Mineral oil industry; Food industry; Cosmetic/pharmaceutical industry; Petroleum industry; Chemical industry

Procedure

1. Pour the liquid into the measuring cup.
2. Insert the spindle into the liquid.
3. Rotate the spindle and measure the resistance.

Materials

• Sample Type: liquid, gel-like, or semi-solid everyday substances

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