Measurement of Viscosity of Human Bile by Rotating Viscometer Method (CAT#: STEM-PPA-0027-YJL)

Introduction

Cholestasis is a frequent gastroenterological problem, which is tackled by endoscopic procedures. Bile flow, which is crucial for hepatic function, is determined by its viscosity. Information about the viscosity of human bile is scarce. Hepatic bile is a watery solution containing bile salts, cholesterol, proteins, bilirubin and other solutes such as chloride, phosphate, iron and calcium. During storage in the gallbladder, water and electrolytes are reabsorbed and mucus, a slimy, viscous material, is secreted from goblet cells. The most abundant macromolecule in mucus is mucin, a glycoprotein with a large size of 106–107 daltons composed of about 75% carbohydrate and 25% amino acids.

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Principle Applications Procedure Materials Notes Related Products

Principle

The principle of the rotating viscometer method to measure the force acting on a rotor (torque) when it rotates at a constant angular velocity (rotational speed) in a liquid. Rotating viscometers are used for measuring the viscosity of Newtonian (shear-independent viscosity) or non-Newtonian liquids (shear dependent viscosity or apparent viscosity). Rotating viscometers can be divided in 2 groups, namely absolute and relative viscometers. In absolute viscometers the flow in the measuring geometry is well defined.
The measurements result in absolute viscosity values, which can be compared with any other absolute values. In relative viscometers the flow in the measuring geometry is not defined. The measurements result in relative viscosity values, which cannot be compared with absolute values or other relative values if not determined by the same relative viscometer method. Different measuring systems are available for given viscosity ranges as well as several rotational speeds.

Applications

Mineral oil industry; Food industry; Cosmetic/pharmaceutical industry; Petroleum industry; Chemical industry

Procedure

1. Pour the liquid into the measuring cup.
2. Insert the spindle into the liquid.
3. Rotate the spindle and measure the resistance.

Materials

• Sample Type: liquid, gel-like, or semi-solid everyday substances

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