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Study of the mobility of nanoparticles in mucus by Optical tweezers (OT) (CAT#: STEM-MB-1311-WXH)
Introduction
Mucus is a complex fluid of spatially varying properties containing hydrogel-forming glycoproteins (mucins) that enable the exchange of nutrients, provide lubrication, and protect the body from environmental influences. A compact layer of this hydrogel covers the complete gastrointestinal tract, the urogenital tract, and the epithelium of the upper and central airways of the lung. Here, the highly viscous, several micrometers-thick layer of mucus rests on a layer of lower viscosity and watery consistency, the pericilliary layer. This layer enables efficient cilliary beating by allowing only the tips of the cilia to penetrate into the mucus.
Principle
Optical tweezers (originally called single-beam gradient force trap) are scientific instruments that use a highly focused laser beam to hold and move microscopic and sub-microscopic objects like atoms, nanoparticles and droplets, in a manner similar to tweezers. If the object is held in air or vacuum without additional support, it can be called optical levitation.
The laser light provides an attractive or repulsive force (typically on the order of piconewtons), depending on the relative refractive index between particle and surrounding medium. Levitation is possible if the force of the light counters the force of gravity. The trapped particles are usually micron-sized, or even smaller. Dielectric and absorbing particles can be trapped, too.
The laser light provides an attractive or repulsive force (typically on the order of piconewtons), depending on the relative refractive index between particle and surrounding medium. Levitation is possible if the force of the light counters the force of gravity. The trapped particles are usually micron-sized, or even smaller. Dielectric and absorbing particles can be trapped, too.
Applications
• Optical tweezers are used in biology and medicine (for example to grab and hold a single bacterium, a cell like a sperm cell or a blood cell, or a molecule like DNA).
• Nanoengineering and nanochemistry (to study and build materials from single molecules).
• Quantum optics and quantum optomechanics (to study the interaction of single particles with light).
• Nanoengineering and nanochemistry (to study and build materials from single molecules).
• Quantum optics and quantum optomechanics (to study the interaction of single particles with light).
Procedure
1.Sample preparation
2.Force Calibration
3.Measurement
4.Analysis
2.Force Calibration
3.Measurement
4.Analysis
Materials
Optical tweezers
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