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Study of Metal–Ligand Interactions by X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy (XES) (CAT#: STEM-ST-0281-WXH)

Introduction

The bonding between metals and ligands can occur on a spectrum of covalence and strength. Some metal-ligand bonds are similar to ionic interactions, while others are essentially covalent. Bonds between metals and ligands are commonly referred to as "coordinate covalent" bonds.




Principle

XES is an element-specific method primarily used to analyze the partially occupied electronic structure of materials. The technique is one of the photon-in-photon-out spectroscopies in which an incident X-ray photon is used to excite a core electron, which leads to the transition of the electron from the ground state to the excited state, and then the excited state of the electron decays with the emission of an X-ray photon in order to fill the core hole.

Applications

Used for the study of electronic structure and for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of substances.

Materials

• X-ray emission spectrometer
• X-ray generating equipment (X-ray tube)
• Collimators
• Monochromators
• X-ray detectors