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Variation Analysis of Biopharmaceuticals by Peptide Mapping (CAT#: STEM-B-0012-ZJF)

Introduction

Peptide mapping is an analytical technique widely used in the biopharmaceutical industry throughout the development of therapeutic proteins, primarily for the identification and verification of protein primary structure (amino acid sequence and chemical modifications). For recombinant protein drugs, peptide mapping analysis can be used to identify and characterize primary structures. In addition, the drug discovery process, various post-translational modifications (PTMs) produced by antibodies, degradation of protein molecules before storage, and contamination of protein samples, etc., directly affect the efficacy, stability and safety of drugs. Peptide map analysis is also the manufacture of these Process monitoring and Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) are important techniques to ensure that there are no undesired changes in the product. Peptide mapping identifies proteins by first determining the molecular weights of the peptides and then matching those peptide masses to the protein's calculated theoretical mass.<br />This service provides a liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based peptide mapping method for variation analysis of biopharmaceuticals (Peptide map analysis was used to determine disulfide bond positions, unpaired cysteines, free thiol groups, and to detect the occurrence of disulfide bond shuffling.).




Principle

Peptide mapping is a method for the identification of proteins, especially those obtained by rDNA technology. It involves chemical or enzymatic processing of proteins to form peptide fragments, which are then isolated and identified in a repeatable manner. This is a powerful test that is able to identify changes in almost any single amino acid that are caused by events such as a misread of a complementary DNA (cDNA) sequence or a point mutation. Peptide mapping is a comparison procedure because the information obtained confirms the primary structure of the protein, enables detection of whether the structure has changed, and demonstrates the consistency and genetic stability of the process when compared to reference substances of similar treatment. Each protein has unique characteristics that must be fully understood so that scientific and analytical methods allow the development of validated peptide maps that provide sufficient specificity.

Applications

Proteins, Biopharmaceutics

Procedure

1. Isolation and purification: This procedure is necessary for analysis of bulk drugs or dosage forms containing interfering excipients and carrier proteins.
2. Selective cleavage of peptide bonds: The method chosen for the cleavage of peptide bond depends on the protein being tested. This selection process involves determination of the type of cleavage to be employed, enzymatic or chemical, and the type of cleavage agent within the chosen category.
3. Chromatographic separation: Many techniques are used to separate peptides for mapping. The selection of a technique depends on the protein being mapped. Techniques used for the separation of
peptides: Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Ion-exchange chromatography (IEC), Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC), Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Capillary electrophoresis (CE), Paper chromatography-high voltage (PCHV), and High voltage-paper electrophoresis (HVPE).
4. Analysis and identification of peptides: The use of peptide maps as a qualitative tool does not require complete characterization of individual peptide peaks. Validation of peptide mapping in support of regulatory applications requires rigorous characterisation of each of the individual peaks in the peptide map.

Materials

• Chromatographic apparatus
• Mass spectrometry apparatus
• Sample material