Non-invasive differentiation of kidney stone types by X-ray dark-field radiography (CAT#: STEM-MIT-0330-LJX)

Introduction

Kidney stone is caused by abnormal accumulation of crystalline substances (such as calcium, oxalic acid, uric acid, cystine, etc.) in the kidney. It is a common and frequently occurring disease of the urinary system. The disease is more common in men than in women, mostly in young adults.<br />Treatment of renal calculi is highly dependent on the chemical composition of the stone in question, which is difficult to determine using standard imaging techniques.<br />Dark field microscopy can be used to accurately classify kidney stones in fresh pig kidneys, so this method is expected to be used in clinical diagnosis and treatment of kidney stones.

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Principle Applications Procedure Materials Notes Related Products

Principle

The main difference between a dark field microscope and an ordinary microscope is the way of illumination. It illuminates the specimen with a strong, narrow, slanted beam without letting the beam enter the objective lens. When no light enters the objective lens, the field of view is dark, so it is called dark field microscope. However, because the particles in the specimen can scatter light after being illuminated by light, when the scattered light enters the objective lens, the scattered light spots of the particles can be seen in the microscope, as if the particles themselves were glowing. This is just as in a dark room, through a small hole in the wall of a strong beam of sunlight, we can see the presence of dust in the light path. This phenomenon, in optics, is known as the Dundar phenomenon. The dark-field microscope is designed according to this principle.

Applications

For observing microorganisms, colloid chemistry, single-celled organisms, and objects with linear structure
Unsuitable for observing stained specimens

Procedure

1. Sample preparation
2. Assembly and adjustment of dark field microscope
3. Observation

Materials

• Sample Type:
Kidney stones in a fresh pig kidney

Notes

Operate in strict accordance with the operating procedures, and shall not arbitrarily change the operating procedures

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