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Multicolor FISH (mFISH) (CAT#: STEM-MB-1181-WXH)

Introduction

Multicolor FISH (mFISH) is a method to facilitate analysis of each single chromosome or chromosome part of a metaphase. Thus, marker chromosomes, complex chromosomal rearrangements, and all numerical aberrations can be visualized simultaneously in a single hybridization experiment. Advantages of M-FISH include rapid analysis of metaphase spreads, even in complex cases with multiple chromosomal rearrangements, and identification of marker chromosomes.




Principle

All of these technologies depend critically on the discrimination of many more targets than the number of spectrally resolvable fluorochromes. In the case of M-FISH, this is achieved by combinatorial labeling. The combinatorial labeling strategy provides a simple way in which to label probes in a multiplex fashion, because each probe fluorochrome is either absent (0) or present (1). This results in a ‘Boolean spectral signature’ for each probe, which is amenable to simple automation. The number of useful Boolean combinations for n fluorochromes is 2n – 1; thus, at least five fluorochromes are needed for the generation of 24 different colors.

Applications

Precise assessment of complex chromosomal rearrangements.
Precise chromosome separation and for rapid chromosome classification.
Identify structural chromosome aberrations in cancer cells and other disease conditions when Giemsa banding or other techniques are not accurate enough.

Procedure

1. Generation of chromosome painting probes.
2. Generation of an M-FISH probe mix.
3. Probe labeling
4. EtOH precipitation of individual probe pools and M-FISH probe mix.
5. Pretreatment of slides.
6. Hybridization of M-FISH mix.
7. Post-hybridization washes and detection for M-FISH.
8. Image acquisition and analysis.

Materials

• Flow cytometer
• Fluorescence microscopy