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Bacillus anthracis is a gram-positive and rod-shaped bacterium that causes anthrax, a deadly disease to livestock and, occasionally, to humans. It is the only permanent (obligate) pathogen within the genus Bacillus. Its infection is a type of zoonosis, as it is transmitted from animals to humans.<br />The endospore form of the bacterium Bacillus anthracis is the pathogen responsible for Anthrax infection, either through direct contact or by inhalation.