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Exosomes Pathway Assay (CAT#: STEM-MB-0323-WXH)
Introduction
Exosomes are small membrane vesicles (30-150nm) that contain complex RNA and proteins. Exosomes were first found in sheep reticulocytes, and a variety of cells can secrete exosomes under normal and pathological conditions. It is mainly derived from multivesicular bodies formed by intracellular lysosomal particles, which are released into the extracellular matrix after fusion of the outer membrane of multivesicles with the cell membrane.Exosomes can regulate the biological activity of recipient cells through the proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc.
Principle
The communication between cells mediated by exosomes is mainly through the following three methods:
1. The first is that exosomal membrane proteins can bind to target cell membrane proteins to activate signal pathways in target cells.
2. The second is that in the extracellular matrix, exosomal membrane proteins can be cleaved by proteases, and the cleaved fragments can be used as ligands to bind to receptors on the cell membrane, thereby activating intracellular signaling pathways.
3. The third is that the exosomal membrane can directly fuse with the target cell membrane, non-selectively releasing the protein, mRNA and microRNA contained in it.
1. The first is that exosomal membrane proteins can bind to target cell membrane proteins to activate signal pathways in target cells.
2. The second is that in the extracellular matrix, exosomal membrane proteins can be cleaved by proteases, and the cleaved fragments can be used as ligands to bind to receptors on the cell membrane, thereby activating intracellular signaling pathways.
3. The third is that the exosomal membrane can directly fuse with the target cell membrane, non-selectively releasing the protein, mRNA and microRNA contained in it.
Applications
To study the regulation mechanism of exosomes signal pathway in disease
To study the effect of each virus on exosomes signaling pathway
To study the effects of drugs or therapies on exosomes signaling pathways
To study the effect of each virus on exosomes signaling pathway
To study the effects of drugs or therapies on exosomes signaling pathways
Procedure
• Luminex Multiplex Assay
• Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
• Flow cytometry (FACS analysis) technology
• Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
• Flow cytometry (FACS analysis) technology
Notes
Detectable targets: RTK, PI3K, TYK2, STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, STAT5, IRAK4, JNK, MYD88, Rac1, TLR4, CREB, IRF3, MAPK, NAP1, Rel, TLR9, TCR, icam1, Mda-5, NFκB, RIG-1, TRAF3, GAS, IRF9, MEKK1, p38, RIP1, TRAF5, CD3, IRF5, MEK3, p38MAPK, SH2, TRAF6, MHC-II, IRS1, MEK6, p50, SLP76, TRAM, PSGL1, IRS2, MSK1, TLR3, Tak1, TRIF, TNFR, ISGF3, MSK2, PI3K, TBK1, Vav, Fas, ISRE, mTOR, PKR
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Wide range of applications
For various laboratory needs
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