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Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CAT#: STEM-ST-0352-LJX)

Introduction

There are no satisfactory biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) technique has been used to identify biomarkers for cancer. Four hundred thirty five serum samples were tested by SELDI-TOF-MS matching on a gold chip. Samples were assigned to a training set and a testing set according to collection order. The training set was used to identify statistically significant peaks and to develop the artificial neural network (ANN) model for diagnosing HCC. The testing set was used in a blind test to validate the diagnostic efficiency of the ANN model.




Principle

The surface enhanced laser desorption ionization technique belongs to laser desorption mass spectrometry (LDMS). It is different from ordinary LDMS in that the laser is not directly hit on the sample to desorption, but the sample is suspended in the matrix, the laser is hit on the matrix, the matrix absorbs and transmits the laser energy, so that the sample in the matrix desorption out. After desorption and ionization, the samples were examined in a time-flight mass spectrometer.

Applications

For protein analysis and measurement of molecular weight of complete proteins
For the diagnosis of a variety of diseases, especially cancer

Procedure

1. The surface of the protein chip is treated in a certain chemical or biochemical way (surface enhancement), so that it has the ability to bind specifically to a certain type of protein
2. The serum or protein extract is directly added to the surface of the chip, and the chip is washed after incubation. Specific proteins bind to the chip and are thus separated from the protein mixture
3. The chip then uses a "chip reader" (a kind of SELDI-TOF-MS) to obtain a mass spectrum of the protein bound to the chip
4. The SELDI protein chip system can be used to compare changes in the protein profile of any set of control samples or different disease states to identify biomarkers or disease-related targets

Materials

• Sample Type:
Serum

Notes

When operating, strictly follow the experimental steps.