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Analysis of a Lean Premixed Stratified Burner Using Rayleigh Scattering (CAT#: STEM-ST-0006-YJL)

Introduction

Several experimental and numerical studies have already been devoted to stratified flames in the past, which partly revealed deviations from homogeneous systems. Various approaches, ranging from the detailed analysis of one-dimensional flame propagation through an equivalence ratio gradient to three-dimensional turbulent systems, have been used to investigate the impact of an inhomogeneous mixture distribution often found in practical combustors.<br />Regarding the one-dimensional investigations, basically two physical quantities were identified to characterize the stratification. The first one is the length scale on which equivalence ratio variations take place. The second quantity is the alignment of the mixing layer and the reaction layer.




Principle

The scattering of waves by small impurities (compared to the wavelength) is known as Rayleigh scattering, named after the British physicist who in 1871 first described this phenomenon quantitatively. Rayleigh scattering is a universal mechanism applicable to several contexts, from light scattering (damping of signals in optical fibres) to sound waves in solids and quantum-mechanical wavefunctions of electrons in disordered solids. Mathematically, Rayleigh scattering predicts a mean free path of the wave that varies with wavelength λ, proportional to 1/λ4.

Applications

Rayleigh scattering is used to analyze the properties of the Earth's atmosphere and used in optical communication systems. It is is applicable to scattering of UV and visible radiation by air molecules, infra-red radiation by small aerosols, and microwave radiation by cloud and rain drops.

Procedure

1. Sample preparation
2. Measurement by scattering detection instrument
3. Data analysis

Materials

Rayleigh scattering measurement system