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Analysis of Triacylglycerols (TAGs) in Extra-Virgin Olive Oil by Liquid Chromatography-Charged Aerosol Detection (LC-CAD) (CAT#: STEM-CT-2217-CJ)

Introduction

Natural plant oils, including olive oils, are complex mixtures of various non-polar compounds such as triacylglycerols (TAGs) that represents the 90% of the matrix and other minor species such as diacylglycerols (DAGs), free fatty acids (FAs), phospholipids, phytosterols and tocopherols, among others. Each TAG is chemically characterized by its total number of carbons (CN), the degree of unsaturation of each FA, and the position and configuration of double bonds of each FA.




Principle

The Charged Aerosol Detector (CAD) is a detector used in conjunction with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) to measure the amount of chemicals in a sample by creating charged aerosol particles which are detected using an electrometer.

Applications

Food Chemistry; Biochemistry

Procedure

1. Nebulization: Charged Aerosol Detection begins by nebulizing the column eluent into droplets and subsequently drying the droplets into particles. The particle size increases with the amount of analyte.
2. Charging: A stream of positively-charged gas collides with the analyte particles. The charge is then transferred to the particles—the larger the particles, the greater the charge.
3. Detection: The charged particles transfer to a collector, where an extremely sensitive electrometer measures the aggregate charge. This process generates a signal directly proportional to the mass of the analyte present.

Materials

• Sample: Antibiotics; Excipients; Ions; Lipids; Natural Products; Biofuels; Sugars; Surfactants; Serum; Urine
• Equipment: Charged Aerosol Detectors; HPLC Instrument
• (Optional): Chromatographic column; Ultra-pure water

Notes

1. In comparison to other universal detectors such as refractive index (RI) and evaporative light scattering detectors (ELSD), CAD offers superior sensitivity and linearity. Depending on the chromatographic conditions, typically low ng limits of detection can be achieved.
2. As CAD measures the charge transferred to the particles it offers near-universal detection any non-volatile and most semi-volatile analytes, allowing you to see the full range of analytes in your sample.
3. The most desired feature of a near-universal detector like CAD is the ability to both quantitatively measure compounds incompatible with UV-Vis and MS detection and relative amounts of compounds when certified standards are not available for a single calibrant quantification.